Genetic Resources
Germplasm Collections
Sugarcane Breeding Institute is one of the two World repositories (the other being at Miami, Florida, USA) of sugarcane germplasm. The institute is maintaining worldâs largest in situ germplasm collection. Besides this independent and joint expeditions in collaboration with other national agencies for the collection of different species of Saccharum and related genera constitute is an ongoing activity of the Institute.
Field gene bank- Major part of the sugarcane germplasm (Saccharum officinarum, S.barberi, S.sinense, S.robustum S. edule)is being maintained at SBI Research Centre, Kannur (Kerala state) while the wild species such as S.spontaneum, Erianthus spp., and the related genera are maintained at Coimbatore. Some of the clones collected from high altitude viz., Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalya could not establish and flowered at Coimbatore, so S.spontaneum clones from Arunachal Pradesh, E. fulvus and Miscanthus nepalensis collected from Meghalya are maintained at IARI Regional Station, Wellington.
Seed Bank- Poly cross true seeds of S. spontaneum and National Active Germplasm (NAG) varieties are collected each year, tested for germination and viable seeds are sent for long term storage in National Gene Bank at NBPGR, New Delhi along with passport information.
in vitro conservation- In vitro culture facility has been initiated at Kannur Research Centre for conserving the germplasm in phases
Germplasm holdings
Germplasm Holdings held at this Institute
Location | Species / genera | Indian accessions | ISSCT accessions |
SBI, Coimbatore | S. spontaneum | 878 | ... |
Erianthus spp. | 313 | .... | |
Allied genera | 41 | ... | |
SBI, Kannur | S. officinarum | ... | 757 |
S.robustum | ... | 145 | |
S. barberi | ... | 42 | |
S. sinense | ... | 30 | |
S.spontaneum | 305 | 79 | |
Erianthus spp. | ... | 132 | |
Allied genera | 88 | 20 | |
SBI, Agali | S. officinarum | 130 | ... |
IARI, Wellington | S. spontaneum | 47 | ... |
Erianthus rufipilus | 5 | ... | |
Miscanthus nepalensis | 3 | ... |
Explorations
Explorations
Documentation
Characterization and Documentation
Enhancement
Enhancement of genetic resources
Interspecific and intergeneric hybrids are continuously developed and evaluated and superior hybrids are inducted into the breeding pools periodically. Nearly 300 such hybrids have been evaluated under sub-tropical conditions at Karnal (Haryana State) also, and some of the superior hybrids have been inducted in the breeding programmes.
Center | Material | No. of Clones |
SBI
Research Center, Kannur |
Indian hybrids | 1031 |
Foreign hybrids ((ISSCT) and subsequenct introductions | 614 | |
Indo American (IA) Clones | 130 | |
SBI Research Center, Agali | Improved clones of S.spontaneum | 97 |
Improved clones of S.barberi | 21 | |
Interspecific hybrids | 94 | |
NDHF (hybrid clones | 141 |
Registration
Registration of germplasm
Clone No. |
Registration No. |
Characters for which registered |
SSH.1 | INGR05021; IC522943 |
Sorghum x Saccharum hybrid. ICSA56 (Sorghum) x IJ76316 (Saccharum officinarum) |
CYM 04-420 | INGR08039; IC556971 |
Erianthus arundinaceus x Saccharum spontaneum hybrid with Erianthus cytoplasm |
Co 92002 | INGR08040; IC556972 |
1.A rare recombinant of commercial value involving the wild species Saccharum robustum; 2. Combining high cane yield and sugar yield with tolerance to drought and resistance to smut 3.Tall canes |
Co 93009 | INGR08041, IC522951 |
1. A clone of commercial status combining high cane yield and red rot resistance 2. Heavy Canes with high single cane weight |
Co 99006 | INGR08042, IC556976 |
1. A high sugar variety 2.Tolerant to water logging. |
SCGS 00-0402 | INGR09053, IC565019 |
A pre-breeding stock identify as a source for early high sugar content coupled with high CCS% and juice purity |
Co 97016 | INGR09052, IC565018 |
1. Rare recombinant involving wild Saccharum robustum in the parentage 2. It is high cane and sugar yielder 3. It is tolerant to water logging, salinity and drought in sub tropical conditions of India |
Co 91002 | INGR09131, IC565021 |
1. It is a unique genetic stock for early sugar accumulation at 300 days of crop age. 2. It combines resistance to drought and smut |
Co 0120 | INGR09130, IC565020 |
1. A high juice quality clone 2. Attain sucrose maturity early in the season (at 240 days) |
SBIEC 11001 | INGR12016, IC0594462 |
It is a sugarcane hybrid with high biomass production. Total harvestable biomass 279.0 t/ha and dry biomass 101.2 t/ha. |
SBIEC 11002 | INGR12017, IC0594463 |
A dual purpose energy cane combining high fibre content of 22.58 % and high Brix (15.92). High harvestable biomass potential of 247.5 t/ha and dry biomass of 82.2 t/ha. |
Co 0230 | INGR12018, IC 0594465 |
It is a water logging resistant variety suitable for north central India with 51.34 % higher cane yield than BO 99. This variety is with high ratoonability also. |
CYM 08-903 | INGR13019, IC0594482 |
Sugarcane hybrid with cytoplasm from wild Erianthus arundinaceus. Derivative of (Erianthus arundinaceus x Saccharum spontaneum) x sugarcane hybrid. A good parent giving red rot resistant progeny in crosses with sugarcane varieties. |
SBIEC11004 | INGR13050, IC0594464 |
Energy cane combining high fibre and high biomass |
SES 159 | INGR13070 IC0561900 |
Erianthus arundinaceus with high biomass, high yield, high NMC and C.O.D., amenability for in vitro |
SBI-1148-11-13-2-255 | INGR13071, IC0598218 |
4th generation self of Co 1148 with high sucrose, red rot resistance and with proven progeny performance |
SBI 2007-291 | INGR14011, IC0598475 |
A sugarcane clone combining early high sugar (sucrose >18% at 8 month and 22 % at 10 months) with red rot resistance, suitable as a short duration variety High cane population and good rationing potential suitable for harvesting from 240 to 300 days after planting. |
IG 91-1100 | INGR15031, IC0612055 |
CoC 772x Erianthus arundinaceus. Potential parent for high yield and quality |
GU-04 (28) EO2 | INGR15032, IC 0612056 |
True and unique intergeneric hybrid of Erianthus procerus x Saccharum officinarum. Drought tolerant. (IND90-776 x PIO96-435) |
GU-04 (50) RE16 | INGR15033, IC0612058 |
Unique and true intergeneric hybrid between S.robustum and E.arundinaceus Sugarcane. (PIR 00-1100x IK76-91) |
GU-08 SSH66 | INGR15034, IC0612060 |
Intergeneric hybrid between sugarcane and sweet sorghum. High early sugar accumulation. Resistant to red rot. (Co 0238 x SOS 250) |
99 WL 379 | INGR15035, IC0612061 |
Waterlogging resistant clone. High stem nitrogen content and high juice quality under waterlogging conditions. (Co 7313 x Co 96011) |
NAG
National Active Germplasm
The available NAG collections is listed in this table